James wood carver



(No Model.)

I J. W. CARVER.

. V AX. 542,973. Patented July 16, 1895.

' citizen of the United NITES STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 542,973, dated July 16,1895. Application filed February 10, 18 94.. Renewed December 19, 1894.serial No. 532,374. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES WOOD CARVER, a

States, residing at Granville, in the county of Washington and State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Axes; andI do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference markedthereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in ax-heads; and the object of theinvention is to provide an improved form of head which can be morecheaply manufactured than the forms at present in common use and whichcan be easily withdrawn from a body of wood at any time and which willcut more readily and with less exertion.

With these and other ends in view the invention consists of an ax-headembodying novel features of construction and arrangement of parts,substantially as disclosed herein.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective View of anax-head constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is -a planor edge View. Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal sectional view of thesame. is a cross-sectional view.

Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in the diflerentfigures of the drawings, referring to which-- A designates the headgenerally, and B the eye formed therein for the reception of a suitablehandle.

The head of the ax is provided with the bit 0, which terminates in acurving cutting-edge and gradually recedes to a point or apex C. Thebody of the Fig. 4

portion of the head is substantially oval or elliptical in shape, as isshown in Fig. 4:. The

ax-head is reduced in thickness or beveled on side bevels D extendthroughout the length of the head from the top E thereof to the outerupper edges of the bit or bevel C. This construction leaves, therefore,only a slight rib F on each face of the head of the original thickness,and, as this rib is so narrow, the friction of the material into whichthe ax is forced is not sufficient to exert any great pull on said head.

While each face of the ax is provided with the side bevels D, suchbeveled portions are also reduced in thickness from their upper towardtheir lower ends, where they are only separated from the main portion ofthe bevel C by a slight line H.

- The central longitudinal ribs F on the faces of the ax are ground oifsomewhat near their lower ends in order thatthere will be no projectingridges to impede the downward movement of the head or to serve toprevent its easy removal from an object when desired.

By reference to Fig. 2 it will be seen that the head is practicallywedge-shaped from its upper to its lower cutting-edge, and by reason ofthis construction and the peculiar arrangement of the side bevels oneach face with relation to each other and the bit 0 the ax can be easilydriven into a wooden body and throws chips therefrom with littlefriction.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

The ax head herein shown and described, having the narrow fiatlongitudinal rib extending from the butt toward the bit of the head,having the curved cutting edge tapered and merging into the said rib andhaving the edges tapered from the sides of the rib the entire length ofthe head, for the purpose stated.

In testimony whereof I afl'ix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES WOOD CARVER.

Witnesses:

FANNY W. CARVER, J. SOULLARD.

